TYPES OF POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS

1. TYPES OF POLICE-COMMUNITY RELATIONS

1.     Public Information Program

-         Designed to bridge the communication gapbetween the police and the public.

Forms of Media used:

a.    PersonalMedia

-         Consists of face-to-face communication , suchas meetings, rallies, delivering speeches and house-to-house visitation.

b.   Mass Media

-         Includes printed matter and audio-visualcommunications.

2.     Public Relations Program

-         Designed to maintain harmony and mutualsupport between the police and the community.

-         Designed to “sell” the police to the public.

3.     Civic Action Program

-         Designed to maintain and encourage communitydevelopment.

4.     Psychological Program

-         Designed to condition both friendly andhostile public, ensuring the facilitation of the attainment of policeobjectives.

1. DUTIES OF PUBLIC RELATIONS OFFICER

1.     He shallissue press releases from time to time regarding police activities which arepublic concern;

2.     He shallbuild good image through actual commendable performance, without inefficiencyand corruption; and

3.     He shallevaluate public opinion and attitude with respect to policies, methods, andpersonnel of the police stations.

1. DUTIES OF A CIVIC ACTION OFFICER

1.     He shallencourage and actively participate in athletic competitions to promote youth development by wisely coordinating withthe social elements of the populace;

2.     He shallinitiate fund-raising campaigns for juvenile delinquents who are beingrehabilitated;

3.     He shallbe alert to safeguard the community against loss and damages to the propertiesand possible death, in the events of calamity;

4.     He shallrender possible assistance, especially to the men folk in enabling them toobtain the means of productive endeavors and discourage them from loitering inthe streets or engaging in uneconomic activities, such as illegal gambling andothers.

1. MEASURES TO ENHANCE POLICE PUBLIC IMAGE

1.     Increasedpolice visibility through the dispersal of personnel from the headquarters tothe field offices;

2.     Efficientand optimized delivery of police services to the communities;

3.     Constantdialogues and meetings with the barangay officials in their respectiveterritorial jurisdictions;

4.     Communityservice-oriented policing by conducting seminars for the traffic aides, policeaides, and the barangay tanod; and

5.     Coordinationwith the media for image-enhancing projects.

1. THE POLICE OFFICER’S INDIVIDUAL AND PROFESSIONAL PUBLIC RELATIONS

Categoriesof Individual Public Relations

1.     Domestic Relations- Police Officer’s dealing with his family,parents and immediate relatives.

2.     Neighborhood Relations- PoliceOfficer’s dealing with his neighbors.

3.     Community Relations- PoliceOfficers’ dealing with citizens of the community, city or town where he lives,and his membership or contribution to the civic organization or communityassociations in the locality.

4.     Church Relations-   Police Officer’s dealings with the religiouscongregation or faith where he belongs.

5.     Government Relations- PoliceOfficer’s dealings with the government and its instrumentalities.

Categoriesof Professional Public Relations

1.     Intra-Departmental Relations – PoliceOfficers relations with men and women in his own department, superiors, thestation commanders as well as the city or municipality mayors where he isassigned.

2.     Inter-Departmental Relations – PoliceOfficers relations with other police agencies.

3.     Citizens’ Relations –includes all dealings or contacts with the citizens in relation to theenforcement of the law and maintenance of peace and order, together with thegiving of information to the public of criminal and non-criminal activities.

4.     Complainants’ Relation – includes apolice officer’s dealings with complaints, the techniques of interviews, mannerof approach, and treatment of witnesses, as well as informers or assets.

5.     Relation with Accused Persons – consistsof proper treatment of suspects, the recognition of their constitutional rightsduring custodial investigation and the handling of accused persons duringconfinement.

6.     Relations with the State Prosecutors orFiscals –includes a peace officer’s duty to cooperate during preliminary investigationsand gatherings of further evidence when so recovered by the fiscal.

7.     Judicial Relations – consistsof peace officer’s duties towards the courts when appearing as witnesses andthe honesty in testimony.

8.     Governmental Relations – includeshis dealings with other non police agencies of the government both national andlocal; in connection with official duties such as request for verification,coordination, or whatever help are needed.

1. INTEGRATED POLICE ADVISORY COUNCIL

In orderto involve civil officials and the citizenry in the preservation of peace andorder and the promotion of public safety, there shall be created an advisorycouncil in every level of the command of the PNP./

Ø  Composition of the Integrated Police AdvisoryCouncil

1.     LocalCivil Officials

2.     Representativesof the Judiciary

3.     Representativesof the Industrial Sector

4.     Representativesof the Commercial Sector

5.     Representativesof the Agricultural Sector

6.     Representativesof the Religious Sector

7.     Representativesof the Youth Sector

8.     Representativesof the Educational Sector

9.     OtherCivic organizations

Ø  Functions of the Integrated Police AdvisoryCouncil

1.     To advisethe commander on matters pertaining to peace and order and public safety.

2.     Torecommend necessary measures to improve the law enforcement system and publicsafety conditions

3.     To assistthe PNP in community relations, and public information, and in enhancing orpromoting citizen’s involvement in the preservation of peace and order, andpublic safety.

I.             LEGALBASIS AND CANON OF ETHICS FOR REGISTERED CRIMINOLOGISTS

THE BOARD EXAMINATIONS FOR CRIMINOLOGISTS

Republic Act 6506 – An ActCreating the Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines andfor Other Purposes.

SECTION 1.Creation and composition of the Board. – There shall becreated a Board of Examiners for Criminologists in the Philippines to becomposed of a Chairman and two members possessing thequalifications prescribed in Section 3 of this Act, who shall be appointed bythe President of the Philippines upon the recommendation of the Commissioner ofthe Civil Service from among the registered criminologists, if any, or fromknown criminologists of recognized standing in the profession, with the consentof the Commission on Appointments: Provided, That the first Board of Examinersfor Criminologists to be created pursuant to this Act shall be issued acertificate of registration as Criminologists without prior examination inaccordance with the provisions of this Act.

SECTION 2.Powers vested in the Board – The Boardof Examiners for Criminologists is vested with authority, conformably with theprovisions of this Act, to administer the provisions thereof, to issue, suspendor revoke certificate of registration for the practice of criminology and toadminister oaths.

SECTION 3. Qualifications of Board Members – The Members of theBoard shall at the time of their appointment be:

1.      Naturalborn citizens of the Philippines.

2.      Holdersof the degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology (B.S. Crim.) or Master ofCriminology (M. Crim) conferred by a reputable and legally constituted Collegeor Institute of Criminology recognized by the Government; 

3.      Atleast thirty years of age;

4.      Registeredcriminologists with at least ten years experience in the profession: Provided, That the requirements of registrationshall not apply to appointments to the first Board;

5.      Non-membersof the Faculty of any school, college or institute where a regular course incriminology is taught, nor have any pecuniary interest in such institution; and

6.      Notconnected with any government agency, which operates an academy, trainingschool or institute for the education or training of peace officers or lawenforcement agents.

SECTION 4.Term of Office – Themembers of the Board shall hold office for a term of three years after their appointments unless sooner removed for anyof the causes enumerated in section six of this Act. In which case theirsuccessors shall be appointed immediately and duly qualified, who shall servethe unexpired term only. Each member of the Board shall qualify by taking theproper oath of office to entering upon the performance of his duties.

SECTION 5.Executive Officer and Secretary of theBoard – The Commissioner of Civil Service shall be executiveofficer of the Board and shall conduct the examination given by the Board. TheSecretary of all the Boards of Examiners for Criminologists. All records andminutes, of the deliberations of the Board, including examination papers, shallbe kept by the Civil Service Commission under the direct custody of theSecretary.

SECTION 6.Removal of Board Members – ThePresident of the Philippinesmay remove any member of the Board for neglect of duty or incompetency or forunprofessional or dishonorable conduct, after having given the member concernedan opportunity to defend himself, in the proper administrative investigation.

SECTION 7.Compensation of Board Members – Themembers of the Board shall each receive compensation of not exceeding ten pesosfor each applicant examined. All fees shall be received by the officerdesignated by competent authority as collecting officer for the Civil ServiceCommission, and such officer shall pay all authorized expenses of the Board,including the compensation provided for by this Act for the members of theBoard.

SECTION 8.Annual Report – The Boardshall submit an annual report to the President of the Philippinesafter the close of each fiscal year, giving detailed account of itsproceedings, during the year and making such recommendation, as it may deemnecessary and proper.

SECTION 9.Inhibition Against the Practice ofCriminology – No person shall practice or offer to practiceas a criminologist in the Philippineswithout having previously obtained a certificate of registration from theBoard.

SECTION10. Exemption from registration – Registrationshall not be required of the following classes of persons.

A.   Criminologists from other countries called infor constitutions or for a special project related to Criminology not requiringmore than five months residence in the Philippines in any twelve months period;Provided, however, That suchcriminologists are legally qualified to practice as such in their own State orcountry.

B.   Foreigners employed as technical officers,professors or consultants in such special branches of Criminology or may, inthe judgment of the President of the Philippines, be necessary andindispensable for the try: Provided,however, That they are internationally recognized experts and that they donot engage in private practice during their stay in the Philippines.

SECTION11. Examination required – Except asotherwise specifically allowed under this Act, all applicants for registrationas criminologists shall be required to undergo an examination as provided inthis Act.

SECTION12. Qualifications for examination – Any personapplying for examination and for a certificate, shall, prior to admission toexamination, establish to the satisfaction of the Board that:

A.   He is at least eighteen years of age and acitizen of the Philippines;

B.   He must be a person of good moral character,as certified to by at three persons of good standing in the community whereinhe resides;

C.   He must not have been convicted of a crimeinvolving moral turpitude; and

D.   He has graduated in Criminology from aschool, college or institute recognized by the Government after completing afour-year resident collegiate course leading to the degree of Bachelor ofScience in Criminology (B.S. Crim.): Provided,That holders of Bachelor of Laws degree may, within five years after theapproval of this Act, take this examination after completing at leastninety-four (94) units of Criminology, Law Enforcement, Police Science andPenology subjects.

SECTION13. Holding of examination – The Boardis hereby authorized to conduct examination in the Cities of Manila, Baguio,Legaspi, Cebu and Davao whenever practicable at least once a year and on suchworking days and place as the Board may fix with the approval of theCommissioner of Civil Service. Written or printed notice of examination shall bepublished in newspapers and copies mailed to each candidate who has filed hisname and address with the Secretary of the Board, at least thirty days prior tothe date of examinations.

SECTION14. Scope of examination – Theexamination shall be in writing and shall cover the following subjects withtheir respective relative weights:

Subjects:                                                                                  RelativeWeights

Criminal Jurisprudence and Procedures                                                 20%

Law Enforcement Administration                                                            20%

Correctional Administration                                                                    15%

Criminalistics                                                                                         20%

Criminal Sociology                                                                                15%

Ethics and Human Relations                                                                  10%

However, the Board may change or revise anyof the above subjects in the event the Department of Education shallcorrespondingly change the curriculum prescribed for the Degree of Bachelor ofScience of Criminology.

In the conduct of the examination, the Board,in its discretion, may give practical, and field examinations in each subject,as it may deem fit.

NOTES:

Under Resolution NO. 01, Series of 2010, EntitledPROMULGATION OF REVISED SYLLABI AND TABLES OF SPECIFICATIONS FOR THE SUBJECTSIN THE BOARD LICENSURE EXAMINATIONS FOR CRIMINOLOGISTS, the scope of theexaminations for criminologists was revised as follows:

Subjects                                                                                 Weight

CriminalJurisprudence, Procedure and Evidence              20%

LawEnforcement Administration                                                 20%

CrimeDetection and Investigation                                               15%

Criminalistics                                                                             20%

Sociologyof Crimes and Ethics                                                  15%

CorrectionalAdministration                                                         10%

SECTION15. Rating in the examination – In orderto pass the examination, a candidate must obtain a general average of at least seventy five percent withno rating below fifty percent in anyof the subjects.

SECTION16. Report of ratings – The Boardshall within ninety days after the date of the completion of the examination,report the ratings obtained by each candidate to the Commissioner of CivilService.

SECTION17. Oath taking – Allsuccessful candidates shall be required to take a professional oath before theBoard or before any person authorized to administer oaths prior to enteringupon the practice of criminology in the Philippines.

SECTION18. Issuance of certificate – Uponpayment of the registration fee as provided in this Act, the Board shall issuea certificate of registration as criminologists to any applicant who, in theopinion of the Board has satisfactorily met all the requirements specified inthis Act.

Allcertificates of registration issued under this Act shall show the full name ofthe registrant; shall have serial numbers, shall be signed by all the membersof the Board, shall be attested by the Secretary of the Board; Provided, That upon application fieldwithin six months after the approval of this Act, the Board shall issue acertificate of registration without examination to persons who have beengraduated with the Degree of Bachelor of Science in Criminology (B.S. Crim.)and who have been in the practice of criminology for at least ten years priorto the enacted of this Act.

SECTION19. Fee for examination and registration– Allapplicants for examination shall pay an application fee of fifty pesos andevery applicant for registration shall pay a registration fee of thirty pesos.

SECTION20. Revocation of Certificate ofRegistration – The Board may, after giving due notice andhearing to the party concerned, revoke or suspend his certificate ofregistration if found guilty of malpractice, incompetency, unprofessionalconduct, serious ignorance or gross negligence in the practice of criminology.He shall be required to surrender his certificate of registration to the Board.The decision of the Board, however, may be appealed within thirty days to thePresident of the Philippineswhose decision shall be final.

SECTION21. Reissue of revoked certificate andreplacement of lost certificate – After the expirationof one year from the date of revocation of a certificate of registration, andafter payment of the required fee, the Board may, for reasons it may deemsufficient, entertain an application for new certificate from a person whosecertificate has been revoked.

           

A new certificate of registration to replacea certificate lost, destroyed or mutilated may be issued, subject to the rulesof the Board and upon payment of a fee of thirty pesos.

SECTION22. Criminologists defined – Acriminologists is any person who is a graduate of the Degree of Criminology,who has passed the examination for criminologists and is registered such by theBoard.

SECTION23. Practice of Criminology – A personis deemed to be engaged in the practice of Criminology if he holds himself outto the public in any of the following capacities:

1.    As a professor, instructor or teacher inCriminology in any university, college or school duly recognized by thegovernment and teachers any of the following subjects; (a) Law EnforcementAdministration, (b) Criminalistics, (c) Correctional Administration, (d)Criminal Sociology and allied subjects, and (e) other technical and specializedsubjects in the Criminology curriculum provided by the Department of Education.

2.    As law enforcement administrator, executive,adviser, consultant or agent in any government or private agency.

3.    As technician in dactyloscopy, ballistics,questioned documents, police photography, lie detection, forensic chemistry andother scientific aspects of crime detection.

4.    As correctional administrator, executivesupervisor, worker or officer in any correctional and penal institution. 

5.    As counselor, expert, adviser, researcher inany government or private agency on any aspects of criminal research or projectinvolving the causes of crime, juvenile delinquency, treatment of offenders,police operations, law enforcement administration, scientific criminalinvestigation or public welfare administration.

SECTION24. Privileges of certifiedcriminologists – All certified criminologists shall be exemptfrom taking any other entrance or qualifying government or civil serviceexaminations and shall be considered civil service eligible to the followinggovernment positions: (1) dactylographer, (2) ballistician, (3) questioneddocument examiner, (4) correctional officer, (5) law enforcement photographer,(6) lie detection examiner, (7) probation officer, (8) agents in any lawenforcement agency, (9) security officer, (10) criminal investigator, or (11)police laboratory technician.

Certified criminologists shall be eligiblefor appointment as Patrolman in chartered cities and municipalities, providedthey posses the general qualifications for appointment, provided in Sectionnine, Republic Act Numbered Forty-eight hundred and sixty-four.

SECTION25. Penal provisions – Any personwho shall hold himself out as a criminologist without being duly registered andcertified in accordance with the provisions of this Act, or who shall give anyfalse or fraudulent evidence of any kind to the Board in connection with anyexamination, or who shall violate any of the rules and regulations promulgatedby the Board in connection with the practice of Criminology in the Philippinesshall upon conviction be sentenced to a fine of not less than two thousandpesos nor more than ten thousand pesos or to suffer imprisonment for a periodof not less than one year but not exceeding three years or both, at thediscretion of the court.

SECTION26. Repealing clause – All laws,executive orders, administrative orders or ordinances inconsistent with anyprovision of this Act are hereby repealed or modified accordingly.

SECTION27. Effectively – This Actshall take effect upon its approval.

           

2

CANON OF ETHICS FORREGISTERED CRIMINOLOGIST

ARTICLE 1-Primary Responsibility of Registered Criminologist

a.    The primary responsibility of every personadmitted to the practice of Criminology as a Registered Criminologist is tobear faithful allegiance to the Republic of the Philippines and be loyal to hisprofession. They shall accept as a sacred obligation and responsibility ascitizens to support the Constitution of the Philippines and as a RegisteredCriminologist to defend the principles of liberty as defined in the Constitutionand Laws.

b.   As a Registered Criminologist, they shallstrive to improve their effectiveness by diligent study and sincere attentionto improvement and welcome the opportunity to disseminate practical and usefulinformation relating to matters accruing to the benefit of public safety andwelfare.

ARTICLE 2-Limitation of Authority

a.    The first duty of a criminologist as upholderof the law is to know its bonds upon him, be aware of limitations andprescriptions and recognize the system of government that gives to no man,group or institution absolute power, He must ensure that he is a prime defenderof that system and as such must never pervert its character.

b.   They shall in the performance of their dutybe just, impartial and reasonable, never according anyone more preferentialtreatment than another. They shall recognize the limitation of their authorityand at no time use the power of their profession for personal advantage.

ARTICLE 3-Private Conduct

a.    The Registered Criminologist must be mindfulof his special identification by the public as an upholder of the law. He mustnever be lax in conduct or manner in private life, express disrespect for thelaw, nor weak to gain special privilege that would be reflective upon theprofession. He must so conduct his private life that the public will regard himas an example.

b.   He must be strive to elevate the standing ofthe profession in the public mind, strengthen public confidence in lawenforcement, develop and maintain complete support and cooperation of thepublic and insure the effectiveness by encouraging complete cooperation ofmembers of their mutual benefit.

ARTICLE 4-Conduct Towards the Public

a.    The Criminologists reminded at all times thatdignity, fairness and genuine willingness to help are essential to their publicimage and their ability to do a good job.

b.   The Criminologists, mindful of theirresponsibility to the whole community, deal with individuals of the communityin a manner calculated to instill respect for its laws and her profession.

c.    They shall be habitually courteous and accepttheir responsibility by being punctual and expeditions in their engagements andduties. They shall regard their profession as a public trust and in thedischarge of their duties, bear constantly in mind their obligation to servethe public efficiently and effectively.

ARTICLE 5-Attitude Towards Profession

a.    The Criminologists shall strive to make thebest application of science to the solution of crime, by diligent study andsincere attention to self-improvement, and in the fields of humanrelationships, strive for effective leadership and public influence in mattersaffecting public safety.

b.   He shall appreciate the importance andresponsibility of his profession as an honorable one rendering valuable serviceto his community and country. They shall strive to attain certain technical andprofessional conclusions capable of the most withering cross-examinationparticularly from fellow criminologist and associate.

c.    He shall avoid outside influence from overzealousand overanxious clients and his findings shall be based solely and entirely onlogical and scientific deduction derived from a fair and impartial examinationpersonally performed by him.

d.   He must never lose sight of the importantfact that he should not only work for the identification, apprehension andconviction of criminals, but must strive with greater if not equal vigor to theclear innocent.

ARTICLE 6-Attitude Towards Fellow Criminologists

a.    The Criminologists shall strive constantly toimprove professional standing of Criminology through association with others inthe profession and keeping abreast with the fast moving world of science andtechnology through constant research and development.

b.   He shall cooperate fully with fellowcriminologists regardless of personal prejudice. He should however, be assuredthat such action is proper and in accordance with law and guard against the useof his office or person, knowingly or unknowingly in any improper or illegalaction. He must always bear in mind at all times that it is not sufficient tobe proficient in one’s work, he must also have a high sense of dedication tohis profession and a sense of duty and obligation to his fellowmen.

c.    He shall cooperate with fellow criminologistsand public officials to the end that safety and general welfare of the publicwill be assured, never permitting jealousies or personal differences toinfluence their professional duties and obligations.

ARTICLE 7-Code of Ethics

 The universallyaccepted Code of Ethics for Law Enforcement shall be temporarily adoptedpending formulation of a more specific code that embraces all aspects ofCriminology.

LAW ENFORCEMENT CODE OF ETHICS

As a Law Enforcement Officer, my fundamentalduty is to serve mankind; to safeguard lives and property; to protect theinnocent against deception, the weak against oppression or intimidation, andthe peaceful against violence or disorder; and to respect the constitutionalrights of all men to liberty, equality and justice.

I will keep my private life insullied as anexample to all; maintain courageous calm in the face of danger, scorn orridicule; develop self-restraint; and be constantly mindful of the welfare ofothers. Honest in thought and deed in both my personal and official life, Iwill be exemplary in obeying the laws of the land and the regulation of mydepartment. Whatever I see or hear of a confidential nature or that it isconfided to me in me in my official capacity will be kept ever secret unlessrevelation is necessary in the performance of my duty.

I will never act officiously or permitpersonal feelings, prejudices, animosities or friendships to influence mydecisions. With no compromise for crime and with relentless prosecution ofcriminals, I will enforce the law courteously and appropriately without fear orfavor, malice or ill will, never employing unnecessary force or violence andnever accepting gratuities in return.

I recognize the badge of my office as asymbol of public faith, and I accept it as a public trust to be held so longthat I am true to the police service. I will constantly strive to achieve theseobjectives, and ideals, dedicating myself before God to my chosen profession….law enforcement.

ARTICLE 8-Affectivity

 This Code of Ethicsfor Registered Criminologists shall be effective upon approval hereof by theCommission and after fifteen (15) days following its publication in theOfficial Gazette (Published October 12,1987).